\n
Could 15, 2023 at 2:00 a.m. EDT<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n
\n<\/div>
Thuan Sarzynski, who helps lead espresso sustainability efforts in Vietnam for ECOM Agroindustrial, a multinational commodities buying and selling group, exhibits off a robusta espresso plant on the ECOM experimental farm in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, on April 14. (Thanh Hue for The Washington Submit) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n
\n
\n
Touch upon this story<\/title><path d=\"M14 14V2H2v9.47h8.18L12.43 13ZM3 10.52V3h10v9.23l-2.5-1.66Z\"\/><\/svg><\/button><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wpds-c-fBEbFG\">Remark<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"teaser-content grid-center\">\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">BAO LOC, Vietnam \u2014 For many years, the world of espresso has had one star: the arabica bean. It’s \u201ccomplicated\u201d and \u201cdeliciously refined,\u201d in accordance with firms reminiscent of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.starbucksathome.com\/gb\/story\/why-arabica-coffee\" rel=\"noopener\">Starbucks<\/a> which have refused to make use of another bean. It has engendered obsession amongst Java aficionados.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">However local weather change, because it tends to do, is shifting fortunes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">The delicate arabica is hypersensitive to fluctuations in temperatures and faces dim prospects in a warming world. As soon as spurned as its \u201cugly stepsister,\u201d the bulkier robusta plant \u2014 so named as a result of it grows <i>robustly <\/i>in powerful circumstances \u2014 is mounting its revenge.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Vietnam is chargeable for greater than half of the worldwide robusta provide, authorities knowledge exhibits, and it performs an more and more very important function in efforts to rescue espresso from the consequences of local weather change. The robusta farmed right here, on the rolling hills of Vietnam\u2019s central highlands, is extra resilient and has greater yields than just about wherever else, scientists say, with some varieties producing two or thrice extra beans of types in different components of the world.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p><span class=\"wpds-c-PJLV wpds-c-PJLV-jQCwLd-variant-interstitial wpds-c-PJLV-iPJLV-css font--article-body font-copy hide-for-print ma-0 pb-md db overrideStyles\">That is the environmental price of the meals we eat<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cArabica is not sufficient to fulfill appetites,\u201d Nguyen Nam Hai, chair of Vietnam\u2019s Espresso and Cocoa Affiliation, stated one latest afternoon at a neighborhood in Ho Chi Minh Metropolis crowded with fashionable espresso outlets. \u201cAnd Vietnamese robusta, everybody is aware of, is primary on the planet.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">A lot of the pivot to robusta is by necessity. In 2021, a extreme frost <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-10-04\/brazil-s-weather-damaged-coffee-trees-will-take-years-to-recover\" rel=\"noopener\">in Brazil<\/a> broken as much as 200,000 hectares price of predominantly arabica espresso crops, abandoning scars which will take years to recuperate. Again-to-back hurricanes have battered arabica espresso fields <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2020-12-01\/honduras-coffee-growers-face-escalating-woes-after-hurricanes\" rel=\"noopener\">in Honduras<\/a>, whereas unpredictable modifications in rainfall have devastated espresso farmers <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/colombia-coffee-idAFL1N31701S\" rel=\"noopener\">in Colombia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cLocal weather change has made many points, largely for the arabica-producing nations,\u201d stated Van\u00fasia Nogueira, govt director of the Worldwide Espresso Group, an intergovernmental affiliation of coffee-producing nations primarily based in London.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Final 12 months, low output from Brazil, the world\u2019s largest producer, helped to drive Vietnamese espresso exports to a report $4 billion, greater than 30 % greater than the 12 months earlier than, in accordance with Vietnamese officers. Greater than 93 % of the espresso Vietnam produces is robusta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">The robusta plant isn\u2019t insulated from the consequences of local weather change \u2014 it\u2019s delicate to drought, for instance \u2014 however agronomists usually agree that it has developed to be extra tolerant of temperature fluctuations than arabica. Important analysis is being poured into robusta, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9824350\/#B41-plants-12-00102\" rel=\"noopener\">widely understudied<\/a> till not too long ago.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">In Bao Loc, a quiet agricultural city two hours from the vacationer metropolis of Dalat, Vietnamese and European researchers are experimenting with methods to duplicate the phenotype of native robusta varieties which have proved exceptionally resilient to pests and warmth.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Communities are \u201cmaking ready,\u201d stated Toi Nguyen, an area farmer. \u201cAs a result of the way forward for espresso,\u201d he added, \u201cis right here.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Utilizing new farming and processing methods, Nguyen, 48, has produced a number of the first robusta espresso accepted by worldwide judges as high-quality. His beans, which he sells for thrice the market worth of normal robusta, ship brews with a clear style and not one of the bitter, rubbery taste which have usually relegated robusta to immediate espresso, he stated. He\u2019s discovered followers in Vietnam, France and Japan, and is a part of a small however buzzy motion to remake the repute of robusta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cVietnam will play a big function not solely in producing robusta however in educating the remainder of the world on how one can do it,\u201d stated Sahra Nguyen, the Vietnamese American founding father of Nguyen Espresso Provide, which has pushed retailers reminiscent of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wholefoodsmagazine.com\/articles\/11358-nguyen-coffee-supply-launches-ready-to-drink-cold-brew\" rel=\"noopener\">Whole Foods<\/a> and Blue Bottle Espresso to start embracing the bean. Farmers and roasters in Vietnam are \u201cessentially the most educated and essentially the most revolutionary\u201d in terms of robusta, Nguyen stated by cellphone from Brooklyn. They\u2019ve refined strategies of processing it with pure substances like honey and pioneered methods of fermenting it in oxygen-free circumstances to launch new flavors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Producers elsewhere are more and more fascinated with studying these methods, together with in Latin America, the place nations which have lengthy centered on arabica are starting to check their skill to develop robusta, stated Nogueira of the Worldwide Espresso Group.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Arabica nonetheless has its trustworthy \u2014 even in Vietnam, specialty espresso outlets largely serve it and plenty of are proud to say they <i>solely <\/i>serve arabica \u2014 however \u201cextra now, what individuals are realizing is they’ll want an alternative choice, along with the arabica, for the long run,\u201d stated Nogueira, who’s Brazilian.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p><span class=\"wpds-c-PJLV wpds-c-PJLV-jQCwLd-variant-interstitial wpds-c-PJLV-iPJLV-css font--article-body font-copy hide-for-print ma-0 pb-md db overrideStyles\">Tips on how to make higher espresso, whether or not pour-over, chilly brew or Keurig<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">In Bao Loc, this effort has arrived on the stumpy toes of a local number of robusta that locals name the \u201cinexperienced dwarf.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Thick and stocky, its technical identify is \u201cTruong Son 5\u201d after the farmer who first debuted it at an area pageant for espresso bushes. It earned its nickname, locals stated, due to its cussed resistance to environmental threats, from parasites to espresso leaf rust, a fungus that has <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/science\/archive\/2020\/09\/coffee-rust\/616358\/\" rel=\"noopener\">devastated farms<\/a> in Central America.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">The Vietnamese authorities not too long ago permitted TS5 as a specialised selection, worthy of being studied and replicated. And final 12 months, the European Union greenlit a mission with the commodities dealer ECOM Agroindustrial to look at how one can graft rootstock from TS5 and different hardy varieties onto weaker robusta crops and, probably, onto different espresso species.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">The objective, stated lead researcher Thuan Sarzynski, is to create a form of \u201ctremendous espresso\u201d that withstands all matter of local weather threats. Other than robusta, the mission is experimenting with different species of espresso, together with liberica, which has deep roots that make it hardy in opposition to drought. Liberica accounts for lower than 2 % of worldwide manufacturing however has lengthy been grown in small portions on this a part of Vietnam. Many native farmers have tried on their very own to graft robusta onto liberica, and one of many mission\u2019s goals, Sarzynski stated, is to review that course of to see if it could produce a drought-resistant, high-yield espresso of the long run.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">One afternoon below the blazing son, Nguyen Trung Than bent over a row of TS5 bushes, practically all of a constant peak and dimension. \u201cLook,\u201d stated Nguyen, the crops\u2019 caretaker, as he held up a dense cluster of espresso cherries simply starting to bud. Come harvesting season, he defined, they might every produce as a lot as 30 kilograms of espresso cherries, or about twice as a lot as another varieties.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Vietnam\u2019s central highlands are cooler than the remainder of the nation, however the begin of the summer time meant that temperatures have been nonetheless climbing previous 85 levels. Nguyen wiped his forehead.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">How did the inexperienced dwarves fare below the warmth?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cProperly,\u201d he stated, smiling proudly, \u201cthey\u2019re not scared.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Researchers are assured there are different types of robusta in Vietnam with qualities price learning. However to guard them, specialists say, farmers have to cease overtaxing their land in pursuit of extra manufacturing, a troublesome ask in part of the nation that has <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undp.org\/sites\/g\/files\/zskgke326\/files\/2022-07\/MDP_full-E-7-2022.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">traditionally lagged<\/a> in growth and poverty discount.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Many years of intense fertilizer use and monoculture \u2014 the cultivation of a single crop to maximise its manufacturing \u2014 have degraded rising circumstances within the central highlands, stated Bui Dac Hao, a Vietnamese program supervisor for IDH, a nonprofit centered on sustainable commerce. Espresso distributors are pushing smallholder farmers to chop again on their use of fertilizer and develop different crops \u2014 a technique known as intercropping \u2014 to keep away from exhausting their land.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">In 2018, IDH launched a pilot program in Di Linh, a district bordering Bao Loc, that gave farmers incentives to plant avocado, durian and different fruit bushes on their plantations. \u201cIt took us a very long time to persuade them,\u201d Bui stated, however by final 12 months, the proportion of farmers partaking in intercropping had jumped from 7 to 62 %.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p><span class=\"wpds-c-PJLV wpds-c-PJLV-jQCwLd-variant-interstitial wpds-c-PJLV-iPJLV-css font--article-body font-copy hide-for-print ma-0 pb-md db overrideStyles\">The summer time drought\u2019s hefty toll on American crops<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">Natural farming isn\u2019t simply good for the land; it\u2019s good for the bean, stated Toi Nguyen, the Bao Loc farmer. For the previous 5 years, Nguyen has been restoring an previous, exhausted espresso farm to a extra pure state, introducing native bushes and letting weeds and vines of black pepper crowd over the trunks of the espresso crops. Farming this fashion makes stronger robusta and ultimately, Nguyen stated, tastier espresso.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">At his warehouse, he opened a sack of the previous season\u2019s cherries, coloured darkish crimson as a result of, not like most robusta farmers, he solely picks ripened cherries. He scooped a handful to his nostril.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cSmells like sweet,\u201d he stated, his eyes crinkling.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">The youngest youngster of rice farmers, Nguyen grew up in poverty and, not too way back, made his dwelling promoting corn by the roadside, he recalled. His entrance into specialty espresso has been surprising even to him. However he\u2019s simply getting began, he stated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">\u201cI wish to go deeper, greater into high quality,\u201d Nguyen stated, \u201cI wish to discover the restrict.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">In a number of days, he was set to journey to Portland, Ore., the place he would showcase his beans on the largest espresso occasion in North America. He was nervous concerning the lengthy flight and about speaking to folks as a result of he spoke virtually no English. However he wasn\u2019t nervous in any respect, he stated, concerning the espresso.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-body grid-center grid-body\" data-qa=\"article-body\">\n<p data-testid=\"drop-cap-letter\" data-el=\"text\" class=\"wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overrideStyles font-copy\" dir=\"null\">He tapped on his cup, swirling with the ultimate dregs of a recent brew. It spoke for itself, he stated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lalrp.org: Could 15, 2023 at 2:00 a.m. EDT Thuan Sarzynski, who helps lead espresso sustainability efforts in Vietnam for ECOM Agroindustrial, a multinational commodities buying and selling group, exhibits off a robusta espresso plant on the ECOM experimental farm in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, on April 14. (Thanh Hue for The Washington Submit) Touch upon […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13629"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13630,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13629\/revisions\/13630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lalrp.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-apps\/imrs.php?src=https:\/\/arc-anglerfish-washpost-prod-washpost.s3.amazonaws.com\/public\/RYJ4DGXLWT5SHTO66Q3DFS5WAI_size-normalized.jpg&w=440)
\n\n\n\n