India’s MAP Museum of Artwork & Pictures tackles biases and the male gaze Lalrp

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Written by Oscar Holland,

India’s long-awaited MAP Museum of Artwork and Pictures, a serious new cultural establishment within the southern metropolis of Bengaluru, welcomed its first guests this month, providing a glimpse at a 60,000-item assortment that will assist reframe the subcontinent’s artwork historical past.

Set throughout a brand new five-story constructing, the non-public museum focuses — as its title suggests — on pre-modern, trendy and up to date artwork, in addition to pictures. However its wealthy archive of textiles, crafts and print promoting speaks to a wider mission: eroding the excellence between “fantastic” artwork and what the museum describes as “on a regular basis creativity.”

Bollywood memorabilia and conventional woven materials share the highlight with historic bronzes and carved deities. MAP’s founder, the businessman and philanthropist Abhishek Poddar, stated the gathering places “all the things on one degree enjoying subject.”

“The whole differentiation between ‘excessive’ artwork and ‘low’ artwork, ornamental arts and fantastic arts, just isn’t an Indian idea,” stated Poddar, who’s among the many nation’s most outstanding artwork collectors, in a video name. “It is a very Western assemble. That is how we have grown up it in museums, however not that is not how it’s in life.”

Bhupen Khakhar's 1965 work "Devi," which deconstructs the conventional image of a goddess, features in a MAP exhibition charting the representation of women in Indian art.

Bhupen Khakhar’s 1965 work “Devi,” which deconstructs the traditional picture of a goddess, options in a MAP exhibition charting the illustration of ladies in Indian artwork. Credit score: Museum of Artwork & Pictures, Bangalore

Making the gathering accessible — and sidestepping perceptions that artwork galleries are elitist establishments — is a part of Poddar’s purpose of fostering what he calls a “museum-going tradition” in India. A lot of MAP is free to the general public, with charges for ticketed exhibitions waived one afternoon per week. The museum stated it welcomed over 1,000 folks on every day of its opening weekend.

MAP can be explicitly focusing on younger folks in a rustic the place over a quarter of the inhabitants is aged 14 or below. Its open-access digital choices (which grew to become a focus after Covid-related delays pushed again the museum’s opening by over two years), embrace video workshops, webinars and a web-based encyclopedia of South Asian artwork with over 2,000 entries overseen by knowledgeable students.

“India has among the most wonderful artwork, each when it comes to what was made up to now and what’s being made as we speak,” stated Poddar, who based MAP with 7,000 works from his non-public assortment and has since donated “a number of thousand” extra. “Why is it that we do not go to Indian museums, however each time we journey abroad, one of many first issues we do is go to a museum over there?”

Countering biases

MAP’s opening program additionally displays its concern with ignored narratives. Take its top-billed exhibition, “Seen/Invisible,” which explores the illustration of ladies all through Indian artwork historical past.

Over the centuries, females have been depicted as goddesses and moms, as nurturers and commodities. But, barring uncommon exceptions like painter Amrita Sher Gil, they have been till not too long ago seen solely by way of the eyes of males, defined the present’s curator and MAP director, Kamini Sawhney.

A textile label from the trading company Shaw Wallace, depicting a woman as "Goddess India," is among the examples of everyday design in the show.

A textile label from the buying and selling firm Shaw Wallace, depicting a lady as “Goddess India,” is among the many examples of on a regular basis design within the present. Credit score: Museum of Artwork & Pictures, Bangalore

An untitled work by the artist JP Singhal from the late 20th century.

An untitled work by the artist JP Singhal from the late twentieth century. Credit score: Museum of Artwork & Pictures, Bangalore

“India ladies are deified as goddesses and, on the different finish of the spectrum, they’re checked out as objects of need,” she stated in a video name shortly after the present’s opening. “So the place is the house in between for girls to only be regular mortals with the ambitions, needs and frailties that each one of us have?”

Visible/Invisible” partly goals to current, then deconstruct, this male gaze. The 130 works on show vary from what Sawhney known as the “big-breasted, tiny-waisted, wide-hipped goddesses” depicted in tenth century statues to a poster for the 1957 Bollywood epic “Mom India,” which imagines its heroine as a plough-wielding nationalist image of post-colonial India.

Because the twentieth century progressed, ladies started “taking maintain of the narrative,” Sawhney added. As such, later works embrace the feminine artists whose rise mirrored ladies’s altering standing and the broader feminist artwork motion. A brooding 1991 portray by Nalini Malani imagines legendary ladies as figures of each nurture and violence; Nilima Sheikh’s “Mom and Baby 2” depicts a maternal bond that millennia of male artists may solely guess at.

The exhibition additionally options six authentic works commissioned to assist fill gaps within the canon, together with a quilt by non-binary artist Renuka Rajiv and a video work by LGBTQ collective Payana that was created in collaboration with transgender folks aged 50 and above.

A still from the 1950 movie "Dahej," which MAP's exhibition catalog describes as a "powerful critique of the practice of dowry in India."

A nonetheless from the 1950 film “Dahej,” which MAP’s exhibition catalog describes as a “highly effective critique of the observe of dowry in India.” Credit score: Museum of Artwork & Pictures, Bangalore

At a time when museums are anticipated to be extra than simply vessels for artwork, Sawhney’s curatorial strategy seeks to counter biases. Future exhibitions, she stated, will draw on the craft traditions of marginalized communities and indigenous artwork that has not, historically, been “seen as worthy of coming into a museum.”

A museum just isn’t “simply objects on partitions,” Sawhney stated, including: “Whose narrative are we telling on a regular basis? Or whose views are we presenting? I believe it is a loss for our audiences if they don’t seem to be in a position to hear a number of voices. So, we see MAP as an area not only for dominant voices, however for everybody’s voice locally.”

Philanthropy guidelines

With a 44,000-square-foot constructing designed by native structure agency Mathew & Ghosh, MAP options 4 galleries, an auditorium, a conservation heart and a analysis library. It additionally enjoys a central location in what is actually the museum district of Bengaluru, a metropolis typically dubbed “India’s Silicon Valley.”

Early proposals confronted opposition from some native artists, who expressed concern about — amongst different issues — the prominence of enterprise figures on MAP’s board. However the museum, like a lot of India’s artwork sector, depends on non-public funding. The Indian Ministry of Tradition’s complete annual price range for the approaching yr is, at 30.1 billion rupees ($362 million), solely 46% greater than the working price range of the USA’s largest artwork museum, New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Artwork.
The museum opened with four exhibitions largely drawn from its 60,000-item collection.

The museum opened with 4 exhibitions largely drawn from its 60,000-item assortment. Credit score: Krishna Tangirala/Museum of Artwork & Pictures, Bangalore

Past Poddar’s private contributions, and in lieu of an acquisition price range, the remainder of MAP’s assortment contains items from philanthropists and different donors. The founder estimates that ticket gross sales will cowl “barely 10%” of the museum’s prices, with sponsorship and donations making up a lot of the shortfall.

However whereas Poddar acknowledges that arts and tradition hardly register on what he calls India’s “hierarchy of wants,” he sees funding within the sector as important for preserving cultural heritage. He in contrast the lack of India’s creative traditions to “an animal going extinct.”

“I believe it is time we began this much more significantly, as a rustic and as a folks,” he stated. “This isn’t one individual’s, one group’s or neighborhood’s area — it is for all of us.”

Visible/Invisible: Representation of Women in Art through the MAP Collection” is exhibiting on the MAP Museum of Artwork and Pictures in Bengaluru till Dec. 1, 2025.